Strings

Built-in Functions

Use the built-in character functions tolower and toupper to manipulate and print the following string.

1. "species" in all capital letters
2. "SPECIES" in all lower case letters

There are other built-in character functions in R, but they are surprisingly clunky and difficult to use. Lucky for us, someone else thought so too and built a package called stringr, that we introduce next.

[click here for output]